Below is a List of Over 480 Marginalized Ethnic Groups Maintained by the Commission

Scandinavian Indigenous People - Photo

 
Abazins Northwest Caucasian languages → Abazgi → Abaza Abazinia (Russia) 0.1 million significant populations in Turkey, Egypt and Ukraine Islam → Sunni
Abkhazians Northwest Caucasian → Abazgi → Abkhaz Abkhazia[note 1] 0.2 million[1]  Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Acehnese Austronesian → Chamic → Acehnese Aceh (Indonesia) 4.1 million[2] Aneuk Jamee Islam → Sunni Islam
Acholi Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Luo → Acholi Acholiland (Uganda, South Sudan) 1 million[3]  Christianity
Afemai Niger–Congo → Edoid → Afenmai Edo State (Nigeria) 0.5 million[citation needed]  Christianity
Afar Afroasiatic → Cushitic → Afar Afaria (Ethiopia, Djibouti, Eritrea) 2.1 million[4]  Islam
Afrikaners Indo-European → Germanic → Dutch → Afrikaans South Africa (Northern and Western Cape), Namibia 3.5 million[5] Boers, White Namibians, White Botswanans, Coloureds (including Cape Coloureds, Griqua, Basters, Oorlam, Goffal) Christianity → Protestantism
Agaw Afroasiatic → Cushitic → Agaw[note 2] Horn of Africa (Ethiopia, Eritrea)[note 3] 1.5 million[citation needed] Bilen, Ximre, Awi, Qemant Christianity → Oriental Orthodoxy
Ahom Kra–Dai → Tai → Ahom[note 4] Assam (India) 1.3–8 million[6]  Hinduism
Aimaq Indo-European → Iranian → Persian → Aimaq Afghanistan 0.7 million[7] Aimaq Hazara, Firozkohi, Jamshidi, Kipchak, Timuri, Taymani Islam → Sunni Islam
Aja Niger–Congo → Kwa → Gbe → Adja Benin, Togo 1.1 million[8]  Traditional African religions
Adjoukrou Niger–Congo → Kwa → Adjukru Dabou (Ivory Coast) 0.1 million  Christianity
Akan Niger–Congo → Kwa → Akan[note 5] Gold Coast (Ghana)[note 6] 20.9 million[9] Twi (including Ashanti and Akuapem), Fante, Abbé, Abidji, Ahafo, Ahanta, Akwamu, Akyem, Anyi, Aowin, Assin, Attie, Avatime, Avikam, Baoulé, Brong, Chakosi, Evalue, M'Bato, Nzema, Sefwi, Tchaman, Wassa, Abure, Alladian, Ghanaians, along with numerous slave descendants such as Antiguans and Barbudans, African Americans, Afro-Bahamians, Afro-Barbadians, Afro-Brazilians, Afro-Dominicans, Afro-Haitians, Afro-Saint Lucians, Afro-Trinbagonians, Americo-Liberians, Belizean Creoles and Curaçaoans Christianity
Akha Sino-Tibetan → Loloish → Hani → Akha Yunnan (China)[note 7] 0.6 million[10] Akeu Animism
Albanians Indo-European → Albanian Albania, Kosovo, North Macedonia 4.2 million[11] Ghegs, Tosks (including Arbëreshë and Arvanites), Kosovars, Cham Albanians, Macedonian Albanians, along with significant populations in Turkey, Germany, Switzerland and the United States Islam and Christianity
Alur Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Luo → Alur West Nile sub-region (Uganda), Ituri (Democratic Republic of the Congo) 1.7 million[12]  Christianity
Ambonese Austronesian → Malayic → Malay → Ambonese Malay Ambon Island (Indonesia) 0.3 million[13]  Christianity → Protestantism
Ambundu Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kimbundu Angola 2.4 million[14] numerous slave descendants such as Angolares and Curaçaoans Christianity
Amhara Afroasiatic → Semitic → Ethiopic → Amharic Amharia (Ethiopia) 19.9 million[15]  Christianity → Oriental Orthodoxy
Amis Austronesian → Formosan → Amis Taiwan (Taitung and Hualien Counties) 0.2 million[16]  Christianity
Anaang Niger–Congo → Cross River → Ibibio-Efik → Anaang Akwa Ibom State (Nigeria) 2.6 million[17]  Christianity
Anuak Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Luo → Anuak Anuakia (Ethiopia), Boma (South Sudan) 0.1 million[18]  Christianity
Apache Dené–Yeniseian →  Na-Dene → Apachean[note 8] Apacheria (United States) 0.1 million[19] Chiricahua, Jicarilla, Lipan, Mescalero, Salinero, Plains Apache, Western Apache Native American religion → Native American Church
Arabs Afroasiatic → Semitic → Arabic Arabia (Yemen, Oman, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates)[note 9] 450 million[20] Bedouins, Druze, Shirazis (including Zanzibaris, Comorians and Maores), Baggara, Arab-Berbers (including Algerians, Libyans, Mauritanians, Moroccans, Sahrawis and Tunisians), Bahrainis, Sudanese, Egyptians, Iraqis (including Marsh Arabs), Jordanians, Lebanese (including Maronites), Kuwaitis, Omanis (including Dhofaris), Qataris, Saudis (including Rashaida, Hejazis, and Najdis), Syrians (including Alawites), Palestinians, Emiratis, Yemenis (including Hadhrami, Ta'izzis-Adenis, Akhdam, Sanʽani, and Tihami), along with significant populations in Brazil, Indonesia, Iran, Turkey, Pakistan (including Mugheri), Venezuela, Afghanistan, and the United States Islam
Argobba Afroasiatic → Semitic → Ethiopic → Argobba[note 10] Ethiopia (Afar, Harari, Amhara, and Oromia Regions)[note 3] 0.1 million[15]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Armenians Indo-European → Armenian Greater Armenia (Armenia, Republic of Artsakh, Turkey)[note 11] 6[21]–8 million[22] Turkish Armenians (including Armenians in Istanbul, Hemshin and Hidden Armenians), Cherkesogai, Armeno-Tats, Hayhurum Karabakhis, along with significant populations in Russia, the United States, France, Georgia (including the Javakheti Armenians), Lebanon, and Germany Christianity → Oriental Orthodoxy
Aromanians Indo-European → Romance → Aromanian Balkans (Greece, Albania, North Macedonia)[note 3] 0.3 million[23] Significant populations in Greece, Albania, and Macedonia Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Assyrians Afroasiatic → Semitic → Neo-Aramaic[note 12] Assyria (Iraq, Iran, Syria, Turkey)[note 13] 2[24]–4 million[25] Chaldeans, Tyari, Mandaeans, Iraqis (including and Marsh Arabs), Syrians (including Alawites), Rûm, along with significant populations in the United States, Sweden, and Israel Christianity
Atoni Austronesian → Timoric → Uab Meto West Timor (Indonesia), Oecusse (East Timor) 0.5 million[26] Amarasi Christianity
Atyap Niger–Congo → Plateau → Atyap Kaduna State (South Sudan) 0.2 million[citation needed]  Christianity
Austrians Indo-European → Germanic → German → Bavarian Austria 8.1 million[27] South Tyroleans, along with significant populations in United States, Canada, and Australia Christianity → Catholicism
Avars Northeast Caucasian → Avar Dagestan (Russia) 1.3 million[28]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Awadhis Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Hindustani → Awadhi Awadh (India) 3.9 million[29] Barhai Hinduism
Aymara Aymaran → Aymara Bolivia, Peru, Chile 3 million[30] Mestizos such as Bolivians Christianity → Catholicism
Azerbaijanis Turkic → Oghuz → Azerbaijani Azerbaijan, Iranian Azerbaijan (Iran) 30–35 million[31] Ayrums, Bayat, Karadaghis, Qajars, Küresünni, Qarapapaqs, Shahsevan, Terekeme, Yeraz, Afshar, Iranian Azerbaijanis, along with significant populations in Georgia and Russia Islam → Shia Islam
Bahnar Austroasiatic → Bahnar Central Highlands (Vietnam) 0.2 million[32]  Animism
Bai Sino-Tibetan→ Bai Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture (China) 1.9 million[33]  Buddhism
Bakossi Niger–Congo → Bantu → Akoose Bakossi Mountains (Cameroon) 0.2 million[34]  Christianity → Catholicism
Balanta Niger–Congo → Atlantic → Senegambian → Balanta Guinea-Bissau, Senegal, The Gambia 0.5 million[35]  Traditional African religions
Balinese Austronesian → Balinese Bali (Indonesia) 3.9 million[2] Bali Aga Hinduism
Balkars Turkic → Kipchak → Balkar Kabardino-Balkaria (Russia) 0.1 million[28]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Balochs Indo-European → Iranian → Balochi Balochistan (Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan) 10 million[36] Askani, Bajkani, Bangulzai, Barazani, Bhurgari, Bugti, Buledi, Chandio, Darzada, Dehwar, Dodai, Dombki, Gabol, Ghazini, Jamali, Jatoi, Kalmati, Khetran, Kunara, Langhani, Lango, Lashkrani, Loharani, Lund, Marri, Mazari, Mengal, Mirali, Mugheri, Muhammad Shahi, Mullazai, Nothazai, Pitafi, Qaisrani, Rind, Sadozai, Sethwi, Shaikhzadah, Talpur, Tauki, Umrani, Yarahmadzai, Zardari, Makrani, along with significant populations in the United Arab Emirates (including Al Balushi) and Turkmenistan Islam → Sunni Islam
Balti Sino-Tibetan → Tibetic → Balti Gilgit-Baltistan (Pakistan) 0.3 million[37]  Islam → Shia Islam
Bamars Sino-Tibetan → Burmese Myanmar 32.9 million[38] Taungyo, Yaw, Intha, Danu, Anglo-Burmese Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Bambara Niger–Congo → Mande → Manding → Bambara Mali 4.1 million[39] Haratin Islam
Bamileke Niger–Congo → Grassfields → Bamileke[note 2] Cameroon (West and Northwest Regions) 2.1 million[40] Mengaka, Ngiemboon, Ngombale, Ngomba, Ngwe, Yemba, Fe'fe', Ghomala', Kwa’, Nda’nda’, Medumba Christianity
Bamum Niger–Congo → Grassfields → Bamum West Region (Cameroon) 0.4 million[41]  Islam
Banda Niger–Congo → Ubangian → Banda[note 2] Central African Republic, South Sudan, Democratic Republic of the Congo 1.3 million[42] Central Banda, South Banda, West Banda Christianity
Banjarese Austronesian → Malayic → Malay → Banjarese South Kalimantan (Indonesia) 4.1 million[2]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Bari Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Bari Central Equatoria (South Sudan), Uganda 0.8 million[43] Pojulu, Kakwa, Nyangwara, Mandari, Kuku Christianity
Bariba Niger–Congo → Gur → Bariba Borgu (Benin, Nigeria) 1.1 million[44]  Islam
Bassa Niger–Congo → Kru → Bassa Bassaland (Liberia) 0.6 million [45]  Christianity → Protestantism
Bashkirs Turkic → Kipchak → Bashkir Bashkortostan (Russia) 1.6 million[28]  Islam
Basques Basque[note 14] Basque Country (Spain, France) 1.2 million[46] Significant populations in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Venezuela, and Uruguay Christianity → Catholicism
Batak Austronesian → Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands → Batak[note 2] North Sumatra (Indonesia) 8.5 million[2] Angkola, Karo, Mandailing, Pakpak, Simalungun, Toba, Alas, Kluet, Singkil Christianity → Protestantism
Beja Afroasiatic → Cushitic → Beja Sudan, Egypt, Eritrea 1.9 million[47] Bishari, Ababda, Hadendoa, Hedareb, Amarar, Beni-Amer Islam → Sunni Islam
Belarusians Indo-European → Slavic → Belarusian[note 15] Belarus 10 million[citation needed] Significant populations in the United States, Ukraine, and Russia Christianity → Eastern Orthodox
Bemba Niger–Congo → Bantu → Bemba Zambia (Northern, Luapula, and Copperbelt Provinces), Katanga Province (Democratic Republic of the Congo) 5.3 million[citation needed]  Christianity → Protestantism
Bembe Niger–Congo → Bantu → Bembe Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania 0.3 million[48]  Christianity
Bengalis Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Bengali Bengal (Bangladesh, India) 230 million[49] Bengali Hindus, Bengali Hindu diaspora, Bangal, Bangladeshis, along with the Bangladeshi diaspora (British Bangladeshis, Middle Eastern Bangladeshis, Malaysian Bangladeshis, Bangladeshi Canadians, Italo-Bangladeshis, Polish Bangladeshis, Bangladeshi New Zealanders, Bangladeshi Australians, Maldivian Bangladeshis, Japanese Bangladeshis, Bengali Americans and Bangladeshi Americans), Dhakaiyas, Ghotis, Sylhetis Islam → Sunni Islam
Berbers Afroasiatic → Berber[note 2] Maghreb (Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Libya) 20[50]–50 million[51] Brabers, Chaouis, Kabyle, Sahrawi, Chenouas, Ghomaras, Houara, Jerbis, Matmatas, Mozabite, Nafusis, Rifian, Sanhaja de Srair, Shilha, Siwi, Tuaregs, Awjila, Arab-Berbers (including Algerians, Libyans, Moroccans, and Tunisians), along with significant populations in France, Belgium, and the Netherlands Islam → Sunni Islam
Berom Niger–Congo → Plateau → Berom Plateau State (Nigeria) 1 million[52]  Christianity
Berta Nilo-Saharan → Berta Benishangul-Gumuz Region (Ethiopia), South Sudan 0.4 million[53]  Islam
Betawis Austronesian → Malayic → Malay → Betawian Jakarta (Indonesia) 6.8 million[2]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Beti Niger–Congo → Bantu → Beti[note 16] Cameroon 1 million[54] Ewondo, Eton Christianity
Bhils Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Bhil[note 2] India (Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Maharastra) 17.1 million[55] Barda, Bhagalia, Bhilala, Bhil Gametia, Bhil Garasia, Bhil Kataria, Bhil Mama, Bhil Mavchi, Dholi Bhil, Dungri Bhil, Damor, Dungri Garasia, Mewasi Bhil, Nirdhi Bhil, Rawal Bhil, Tadvi Bhil, Vasava, Bhil Meena, Chaudhri Hinduism
Bhojpuris Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Bihari → Bhojpuri Bhojpur (India, Nepal) 50.6 million[29] Paswan Hinduism
Bhumij Austroasiatic → Munda → Bhumij[note 17] India (West Bengal, Odisha, Jharkhand) 0.9 million[55]  Sarnaism
Bicolanos Austronesian → Philippine → Bikol[note 2] Bicol Region (Philippines) 4.1 million[56] Central Bikol, Sorsoganons, Catandunganons, Rinconada, Albayanon Christianity → Catholicism
Bidayuh Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian →  Land Dayak[note 2] Sarawak (Malaysia) 0.2 million[57] Kendayan, Selako, Bakati’, Sara Bakati', Laraʼ, Bukar Sadong, Biatah, Tringgus, Jagoi, Jangkang, Kembayan, Semandang, Ribun, Nyadu’, Sanggau Christianity
Bilala Nilo-Saharan → Central Sudanic → Naba Lake Fitri (Chad) 0.1 million[58]  Islam
Bishnupriya Manipuris Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Bishnupriya Manipuri Manipur (India), Bangladesh 0.1 million[59]  Hinduism
Bissa Niger–Congo → Mande → Bissa Burkina Faso 0.6 million[60]  Islam
Blaan Austronesian → Philippine → Blaan Soccsksargen (Philippines) 0.2 million[61]  Anitism
Boa Niger–Congo → Bantu → Boa Bas-Uele (Democratic Republic of the Congo) 0.2 million[62]  Christianity
Bodo Sino-Tibetan → Sal → Bodo Bodoland (India) 1.5 million[29] Mech Bathouism
Bosniaks Indo-European → Slavic → Serbo-Croatian → Bosnian Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sandžak (Serbia, Montenegro) 2.5 million[63] Significant populations in Serbia, Turkey, Austria, Germany and the United States Islam → Sunni Islam
Bouyei Kra–Dai → Tai → Bouyei Guizhou (China) 3 million[64] Giáy Moism
Bozo Niger–Congo → Mande → Bozo Mali 0.2 million[65]  Islam
Brahuis Dravidian → Brahui Balochistan (Pakistan) 1.6 million[66] Raisani, Jhalawan, Sarawan, Mengal (including Zagar and Zakria Zae), Sasoli Islam → Sunni Islam
Bretons Indo-European → Celtic → Breton[note 18] Brittany (France) 4.6 million[67]  Christianity → Catholicism
Bru Austroasiatic → Katuic → Bru Savannakhet Province (Laos), Vietnam (Quảng Bình and Quảng Trị Provinces) 0.3 million[68]  Animism
Budu Niger–Congo → Bantu → Budu Wamba Territory (Democratic Republic of the Congo) 0.4 million[citation needed]  Christianity
Buduma Afroasiatic → Chadic → Yedina Lake Chad (Chad, Nigeria, Cameroon) 0.1 million[citation needed]  Islam
Buginese Austronesian → South Sulawesi → Buginese South Sulawesi (Indonesia) 6.4 million[2]  Islam
Bulgarians Indo-European → Slavic → Bulgarian Bulgaria 9–10 million [69] Pomaks, along with significant populations in Turkey, Ukraine and Moldova, Romania and Serbia, Germany, Spain and the United States Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Burusho Burushaski Gilgit-Baltistan (Pakistan) 0.1 million[70]  Islam → Shia Islam
Butonese Austronesian → Celebic → Butonese[note 2] Buton (Indonesia) 0.3 million[citation needed]  Islam
Bwa Niger–Congo → Gur → Bwa[note 2] Burkina Faso, Mali 0.3 million[71]  Traditional African religions
Catalans Indo-European → Romance → Catalan Catalan Countries (Spain, France) 8.4 million[citation needed] Valencians, Balearics, Andorrans Christianity → Catholicism
Chamorro Austronesian → Chamorro Mariana Islands (United States) 0.2 million [72]  Christianity → Catholicism
Chams Austronesian → Chamic → Cham Champa (Cambodia, Vietnam) 0.6–0.7 million[73]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Chechens Northeast Caucasian → Nakh → Chechen Chechnya (Russia) 2 million[74] Kists Islam → Sunni Islam
Cherokee Iroquoian → Cherokee[note 19] United States (North Carolina, Tennessee)[note 20] 0.8 million[19] Cherokee Nation, Eastern Band, United Keetoowah Band Christianity
Chin Sino-Tibetan → Kuki-Chin–Naga[note 21] Chin State (Myanmar) 10 million[75] Thadou, Paite, Simte, Zou, Lamkang, Kom, Lushai, Hmar, Koireng, Mizo, Aimol, Mru, Mrucha (including Anu-Hkongso), Bawm, Biate, Asho Christianity
Choctaw Muskogean → Choctaw[note 19] United States (Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, Louisiana)[note 20] 0.2 million[19]  Native American religion
Chokwe Niger–Congo → Bantu → Chokwe Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Zambia 1.3 million[76]  Christianity
Chutiya Sino-Tibetan → Sal → Deori[note 4] Assam (India) 2.5 million[77] Deori Hinduism
Chuukese Austronesian → Micronesian → Chuukese Chuuk Lagoon (Federated States of Micronesia) 0.1 million[78]  Christianity → Catholicism
Chuvash Turkic → Oghur → Chuvash Chuvashia (Russia) 1.4 million[28] Virjal, Anatri Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Circassians Northwest Caucasian → Circassian[note 2] Circassia (Russia)[note 1] 0.7 million[79] Adygeans, Kabardians, Cherkess, Shapsugs Islam → Sunni Islam
Chakmas Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Chakma Chittagong Hill Tracts (Bangladesh) 0.3 million[80]  Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Chewa Niger–Congo → Bantu → Chewa Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique 9.7 million[81]  Christianity
Copts Afroasiatic → Coptic[note 22] Egypt 15-20 million[82] Sudan and Libya along with significant populations in United States, Canada and Australia Christianity → Coptic Orthodoxy
Cornish Indo-European → Celtic → Cornish[note 23] Cornwall (United Kingdom) 11 million[83] Significant populations in the United States and Australia Christianity
Corsicans Indo-European → Romance → Corsican[note 18] Corsica (France) 0.3 million[84]  Christianity → Catholicism
Cree Algic → Algonquian → Cree[note 24] Canada (Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Newfoundland and Labrador) 0.4 million[85] Innu, Naskapi, Atikamekw, James Bay Cree, Moose Cree, Swampy Cree, Woods Cree, Plains Cree, Métis (including Métis in Canada), Oji-Cree Christianity
Croats Indo-European → Slavic → Serbo-Croatian → Croatian Croatia, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Bosnia and Herzegovina) 5.5 million[86] Bunjevci, Krashovani, Janjevci, Sokci, Bosnian Croats, along with significant populations in Italy (including Molise Croats), Austria, United States, Chile, Argentina, Germany, Australia and Canada Christianity → Catholicism
Cuyunon Austronesian → Philippine → Visayan → Cuyonon Cuyo Archipelago (Philippines) 0.2 million[87]  Christianity → Catholicism
Czechs Indo-European → Slavic → Czech Czech Republic 6.7 million[88] Bohemians, Moravians, Silesians, along with significant populations in United States and Canada Christianity → Catholicism[note 25]
Dagaaba Niger–Congo → Gur → Dagaare Ghana, Burkina Faso 1.1 million[89]  Christianity
Dagombas Niger–Congo → Gur → Dagbani Kingdom of Dagbon (Ghana) 1.2 million[90]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Damara Khoe → Khoekhoe Damaraland (Namibia) 0.2 million[91]  Christianity
Danes Indo-European → Germanic → Nordic → Danish Denmark 5.6 million[92] Significant populations in the United States, Canada, Greenland, and Germany. Christianity → Protestantism
Dargins Northeast Caucasian → Dargwa Dagestan (Russia) 0.6 million[28] Kajtak, Kubachi, Itsari, Chirag Islam
Dinka Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Dinka South Sudan 4.5 million[93]  Christianity
Dogon Niger–Congo → Dogon[note 2] Bandiagara Escarpment (Mali) 0.8 million[94] Ampari Dogon Traditional African religions
Dogra Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Dogri Jammu Division (India) 2.5 million[29]  Hinduism
Dubla Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Bhil → Dubli[note 26] Gujarat (India) 0.7 million[55]  Hinduism
Dutch Indo-European → Germanic → Dutch Netherlands 29 million[95] Gronings, Arubans, Bonairians, Curaçaoans, Sabans, St. Maarteners, St. Eustatians, Surinamese, Mennonites (including Russian Mennonites), Indos, Dutch Burghers, along with significant populations in the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand Christianity[note 25]
Dyula Niger–Congo → Mande → Manding → Dyula Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast, Mali 2.2 million[96]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Ebira Niger–Congo → Nupoid → Ebira Kogi State (Nigeria) 1.8 million[97]  Islam
Edo Niger–Congo → Edoid → Edo Edo State (Nigeria) 1.6 million[98] Ika, Emai Christianity
Efik Niger–Congo → Cross River → Ibibio-Efik → Efik Cross River State (Nigeria) 0.7 million[citation needed]  Christianity
Ekoi Niger–Congo → Ekoi Nigeria, Cameroon 0.2 million[citation needed]  Christianity
Emberá Choco → Embera Chocó Department (Colombia), Panama (Darién, Emberá) 0.1 million[99]  Shamanism
English Indo-European → Germanic → English England (United Kingdom)[note 27] 58.5 million[100] numerous colonial descendants such as Americans, Canadians, Australians, New Zealanders, White Bahamians, White Barbadians, Cayman Islanders, White Dominiquais, White Jamaicans, White Botswanans, White Kenyans, White Saint Helenians, White Zambians, White Zimbabweans, Anglo-Burmese, Anglo-Indians, British Hongkongers, and White Pakistanis Christianity → Protestantism
Esan Niger–Congo → Edoid → Esan Esanland (Nigeria) 0.7 million[101]  Christianity
Estonians Uralic → Finnic → Estonian Estonia 1.2 million[102] Võros, Setos Christianity → Protestantism[note 25]
Ewe Niger–Congo → Kwa → Gbe → Ewe Togo, Ghana 6.7 million [103] Anlo Ewe, Waci Christianity
Fang Niger–Congo → Bantu → Beti → Fang Río Muni (Equatorial Guinea), Gabon 1 million[54]  Christianity
Fijians Austronesian → Fijian Fiji 0.5 million[104]  Christianity → Protestantism
Finns Uralic → Finnic → Finnish Finland 5.5 million[105] Kvens, Forest Finns, Tornedalians, Ingrian Finns, along with significant populations in Sweden, United States, and Canada. Christianity → Protestantism
Flemings Indo-European → Germanic → Dutch Flanders (Belgium) 6.2 million[106]  Christianity → Catholicism
Fon Niger–Congo → Kwa → Gbe → Fon Dahomey (Benin) 1.7 million[107] Egun Christianity → Catholicism
French Indo-European → Romance → French France, Romandy (Switzerland), Aosta Valley (Italy) 76.8 million[108] Arpitans, Burgundians, Champenois, Free Countians, Gallo, Lorrainers, Normans (including Channel Islanders), Picards, Poitevins (including Saintongeais), Barthélemoise, Saint-Martinois, French Guianese, Caldoche, Réunionese (including Zoreilles), Saint-Pierrais, along with numerous colonial descendants such as Pieds-Noirs, French Canadians (including Quebecers, Acadians, and Métis), Louisianians (including  Creoles of color and Cajuns), French Haitians, French Malagasy, Franco-Mauritians, and Franco-Seychellois Christianity → Catholicism
Frisians Indo-European → Germanic → Frisian[note 2] Frisia (Netherlands, Germany) 0.9 million[109] West Frisians, East Frisians, North Frisians Christianity → Protestantism
Friulians Indo-European → Romance → Friulian Friuli (Italy) 0.6 million[110]  Christianity → Catholicism
Fula Niger–Congo → Atlantic → Senegambian → Fula West Africa (Guinea, Senegal, Mali, Mauritania, Nigeria, Cameroon, Niger, Burkina Faso, Benin, Chad)[note 28] 20[111]–25 million [69] Wodaabe, Haratin, Fula Jalon, Fulakunda, Maasina Fulfulde Islam
Fur Nilo-Saharan → Fur Darfur (Sudan) 0.7 million[112]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Ga-Adangbe Niger–Congo → Kwa → Ga–Dangme[note 2] Greater Accra (Ghana) 2.1 million[113] Ga, Adangbe Christianity
Gagauz Turkic → Oghuz → Gagauz Gagauzia (Moldova), Budjak (Ukraine) 0.2 million[citation needed]  Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Galicians Indo-European → Romance → Galician Galicia (Spain) 3.2 million[citation needed]  Christianity → Catholicism
Ganda Niger–Congo → Bantu → Great Lakes → Luganda Buganda (Uganda) 6.7 million[114] Abayudaya Christianity
Garifuna Arawakan → Ta-Arawakan → Garifuna[note 29] Saint Vincent and the Grenadines[note 30] 0.1 million[citation needed] Black Caribs Christianity → Catholicism
Garos Sino-Tibetan → Sal → Garo Garo Hills (India) 1.1 million[29]  Christianity
Gayonese Austronesian → Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands → Gayo Indonesia (Bener Meriah, Central Aceh, and Gayo Lues Regencies) 0.3 million[115]  Islam
Gbagyi Niger–Congo → Nupoid → Gwari Nigeria 1.2 million[116]  Traditional African religions
Gbaya Niger–Congo → Ubangian → Gbaya[note 2] Central African Republic, Cameroon 1.2 million [117] Bokoto, Kàrà, Buli (including Toongo), Ali, Mandja, Gbaya-Bossangoa, Bozom, Mbodomo, Gbanu, Bangandu Islam
Gedeo Afroasiatic → Cushitic → Gedeo Gedeo Zone (Ethiopia) 1 million[15]  Christianity → Protestantism
Gelao Kra–Dai → Kra → Gelao[note 31] Guizhou (China) 0.6 million[118]  Taoism
Georgians Kartvelian → Georgian Georgia 4.1 million[119] Adjarians, Mingrelians, Svans, Tushetians (including Bats), Meskhetians Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Germans Indo-European → Germanic → German Germany, Switzerland, Liechtenstein 100–150 million[120] Bavarians, Franconians, Hessians, Hunsriks, Upper Saxons, Lower Saxons, Swabians (including Danube Swabians), Rhinelanders (including Colognians), Alsatians, German Swiss, Liechtensteiners, Pomeranians, Volga Germans, Baltic Germans, Silesian Germans, Carpathian Germans, North Schleswig Germans, Eastern Belgians, Transylvanian Saxons, Amish (including Pennsylvania Dutch), Hutterites, Mennonites (including Russian Mennonites), along with significant populations in the United States (including German Texans), Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Canada, Chile, Kazakhstan, Australia, and New Zealand. Christianity
Gola Niger–Congo → Gola Liberia, Sierra Leone 0.2 million[121]  Islam
Gonds Dravidian → Gondi[note 32] Gondwana (India) 13.3 million[55] Godha, Madia Gonds, Muria, Koya Hinduism
Gorontaloans Austronesian → Philippine → Gorontaloan Gorontalo (Indonesia) 1.8 million[2]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Greeks Indo-European → Greek Greece, Cyprus 17 million[122] Greek Cypriots, Pontic Greeks, Cappadocian Greeks, Sarakatsani, Urums, Griko, Macedonian Greeks, along with significant populations in Albania (including Northern Epirotes), Ukraine, Georgia, the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, Australia, and Canada Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Guan Niger–Congo → Kwa → Guang[note 2] Ghana (Brong-Ahafo and Volta Regions) 1 million[113] Gonja, Kyode, Cherepon, Efutu, Anyanga, Larteh, Chumburung, Krache, Anum-Boso Christianity
Guaraní Tupian → Guarani Paraguay, Misiones (Argentina), Bolivia 5 million[123] Chiriguanos, along with Mestizos such as Paraguayans Christianity → Catholicism
Gujarati Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Gujarati Gujarat (India) 60 million[29] Koli, Bharwad, Khoja, Patidar, Sunni Bohra, Lohana, Vagri, Kharva, Charan, Baria, Momna, Ghanchi, Shenva, Bhambi Khalpa, Zarabes, Bhoi, Luso-Indians, Gujarati Americans Hinduism
Gumuz Nilo-Saharan → Gumuz Benishangul-Gumuz Region (Ethiopia) 0.2 million[15]  Traditional African religion
Gurage Afroasiatic → Semitic → Ethiopic → Gurage[note 2] Guragia (Ethiopia) 1.9 million[15] Kistane, Zay, Inor, Mesqan, Sebat Bet (including Chaha and Muher) Christianity
Gurma Niger–Congo → Gur → Gourmanché Gurmaland (Burkina Faso, Ghana) 1.1 million[124] Ntcham, Bimoba Islam
Gurunsi Niger–Congo → Gur → Gurunsi[note 2] Burkina Faso, Ghana, Togo 1.6 million[125] Lukpa, Kabye, Tem, Lamba, Delo, Bago-Kusuntu, Chala, Lyélé, Nuna, Kalamsé, Pana, Kassena, Winye, Deg, Puguli, Paasaal, Sisaala, Chakali, Siti, Tamprusi, Vagla Traditional African religions
Hadiya Afroasiatic → Cushitic → Hadiyya Hadiya (Ethiopia) 1.3 million[15]  Islam
Han Chinese Sino-Tibetan → Chinese China, Taiwan, Singapore 1,315 million [126] Subei, Cantonese (including Taishanese, Hongkongers, Tankas, Chuanqing and Macanese), Hui, Fujianese (including Fuzhounese, Hainanese, Hoklo, Hui'an maidens, Putianese, and Teochew), Gaoshan Han, Gan, Hakka (including Ngái), Hebei, Hunanese, Jianghuai, Shandong, Sichuanese, Wu (including Shanghainese, Ningbonese, and Wenzhou), Han Taiwanese, along with significant populations in the United States, Malaysia (including Peranakan), Singapore, Thailand, Indonesia, Myanmar, Canada, the Philippines (including Sangleys), Peru, Australia, Vietnam, Japan, Russia, France (including  Chinois), the United Kingdom, South Africa, Italy, Germany, Korea, Spain, India, Laos, Brazil, the Netherlands, Panama, Venezuela and New Zealand Chinese folk religion
Hani Sino-Tibetan → Loloish → Hani Yunnan (China) 1.4 million[127]  Animism
Harari Afroasiatic → Semitic → Ethiopic → Harari Hararia (Ethiopia) 0.2 million[128]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Hausa Afroasiatic → Chadic → Hausa Hausaland (Niger, Nigeria) 43.7 million[129]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Hawaiians Austronesian → Polynesian → Hawaiian[note 33] Hawaii (United States) 0.5 million [72]  Christianity
Hazaras Indo-European → Iranian → Persian → Hazaragi Hazarajat (Afghanistan) 5–8 million [126] Aimaq Hazara, Hazara Australians Islam → Shia Islam
Herero Niger–Congo → Bantu → Herero Hereroland (Namibia), Angola 0.3 million[citation needed] OvaHimba, Ovambanderu Christianity
Hmong Hmong–Mien → Hmongic[note 2] Guizhou (China)[note 34] 14–15 million[130] A-Hmao, Gha-Mu, Xong, Pa-Hng, Hmong Americans Hmong folk religion
Huli Trans–New Guinea → Engan → Huli Southern Highlands Province (Papua New Guinea) 0.3 million[131]  Christianity
Hungarians Uralic → Ugric → Hungarian Hungary, Székely Land (Romania), Felvidék (Slovakia) 12.6 million[132] Jasz, Palóc, along with significant populations in Romania (including Székelys and Csangos), Slovakia, Serbia, Ukraine, Croatia, Slovenia, Germany, the United States, and Canada Christianity → Catholicism
Hutu Niger–Congo → Bantu → Great Lakes → Rwanda-Rundi[note 35] Rwanda, Burundi, Kivu (Democratic Republic of the Congo) 9.5 million[133]  Christianity
Iban Austronesian → Malayic → Iban Sarawak (Malaysia) 0.8 million[134] Mualang Christianity
Ibanag Austronesian → Philippine → Cordilleran → Ibanag Philippines (Isabela, Cagayan) 0.3 million[135]  Christianity → Catholicism
Ibibio Niger–Congo → Cross River → Ibibio-Efik → Ibibio Akwa Ibom State (Nigeria) 4.5 million[136] Eket, Aro Christianity
Icelanders Indo-European → Germanic → Nordic → Icelandic Iceland 0.4 million[citation needed]  Christianity → Protestantism
Idoma Niger–Congo → Idomoid → Idoma Benue State (Nigeria) 0.6 million[137] Agatu, Alago, Yala Christianity
Igbo Niger–Congo → Igbo Igboland (Nigeria) 20 million[138] Anioma, Aro, Edda, Ekpeye, Etche, Ezaa, Ika, Ikwerre, Ikwo, Isu, Izzi, Mbaise, Mgbo, Ngwa, Nri-Igbo, Ogba, Ohafia, Ohuhu, Onitsha-Ado, Ukwuani, Waawa, along with numerous slave descendants such as Antiguans and Barbudans, African Americans, Afro-Bahamians, Afro-Barbadians, Afro-Brazilians, Afro-Dominicans, Afro-Haitians, Afro-Saint Lucians, Afro-Trinbagonians, Americo-Liberians, Belizean Creoles Christianity
Igede Niger–Congo → Idomoid → Igede Benue State (Nigeria) 0.4 million[citation needed]  Christianity
Igorot Austronesian → Philippine → Cordilleran[note 2] Cordillera Administrative Region (Philippines) 1.5 million[139] Balangao, Bontoc, Ibaloi, Ifugao (including Kalanguya), Isnag, Kalinga, Kankanaey Anitism
Ijaw Niger–Congo → Ijaw[note 2] Nigeria (Rivers, Bayelsa, and Delta States) 14 million[94] Bille, Engenni, Ibani, Kalabari, Kula, Nkoro, Nkoroo, Obolo Christianity
Ilocano Austronesian → Philippine → Cordilleran → Ilocano Ilocos Region (Philippines) 10 million[140]  Christianity → Catholicism
Ingush Northeast Caucasian → Nakh → Ingush Ingushetia (Russia) 0.4 million[28]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Inuit Eskimo–Aleut →  Inuit[note 2] Greenland (Denmark), Canada (Nunavut, Nunatsiavut, Nunavik, NunatuKavut), Alaska (United States) 0.2 million[141] Greenlandics (including Kalaallit, Tunumiit, Inughuit and Greenlandic Danes), Iñupiat, Inuktitut, Inuvialuit Christianity
Iranun Austronesian → Philippine → Iranun Mindanao (Philippines) 0.3 million[citation needed]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Irish Indo-European → Celtic → Irish[note 23] Ireland (Republic of Ireland, United Kingdom)[note 36] 80 million [142] Irish Travellers, Ulster Irish, along with significant populations in the United States, Australia, Canada, Argentina, Mexico and New Zealand Christianity → Catholicism
Iroquois Iroquoian[note 37] United States, Canada 0.1 million [143] Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, Seneca, Tuscarora Longhouse Religion
Isan Kra–Dai → Tai → Lao → Isan Isan (Thailand) 22 million [144]  Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Isoko Niger–Congo → Edoid → Isoko Isoko region (Nigeria) 0.6 million[citation needed]  Christianity
Italians Indo-European → Romance → Italian Italy, Ticino (Switzerland) 69[145]–140 million[146] Sicilians, Waldensians, Lazians, Marchigianos, Tuscans, Umbrians, Emilian, Romagnol (including Sanmarinese), Trentinis, Ligurians (including  Monégasque), Lombards, Piedmontese, Apulians, Calabrians, Neapolitans (including Abruzzans, Molisans, Basilicatans, and Campanians), Venetians along with significant populations in Argentina, Brazil, the United States, Venezuela, Canada, France, Peru, Uruguay, Australia, Germany, Chile and the United Kingdom Christianity → Catholicism
Itawes Austronesian → Philippine → Cordilleran → Itawis Cagayan Valley (Philippines) 0.2 million[citation needed]  Christianity → Catholicism
Japanese Japonic → Japanese Japan 128.2 million[147] Kantō, Kansai, Hokkaido, Tōhoku, Hōnichi, Satsugū, Chūgoku, Echigo, Tōkai, Shinshuu, Hokuriku, Hachijō, along with significant populations in Brazil, the United States and the Philippines. Shinto[note 38]
Jarai Austronesian → Chamic → Jarai Central Highlands (Vietnam) 0.4 million[32]  Animism
Javanese Austronesian → Javanese Java (Indonesia) 95.2 million[2] Cirebonese, Osing, Tenggerese, Boyanese, Samin, Banyumasan, along with significant populations in Malaysia, Suriname, China, and Saudi Arabia Islam → Sunni Islam
Jews Afroasiatic → Semitic → Hebrew[note 39] Israel[note 40] 17.6 million[148] Ashkenazim, Sephardim (including Moroccan Jews, Tunisian Jews, and Toshavim), Mizrahim (including Syrian and Bukharan Jews), Teimanim, Beta Israel, Italkim, Romaniotes, Juhurim, Krymchaks, Bene Israel, Cochin, Lishanid Noshan, Israelis, along with significant populations in the United States, France, Canada, the United Kingdom, Argentina, Russia, Germany, and Australia Judaism
Jingpo Sino-Tibetan → Sal → Jingpho Kachin State (Myanmar), Yunnan (China) 1 million[149]  Animism
Jola Niger–Congo → Atlantic → Senegambian → Jola[note 2] Jolaland (Senegal) 0.5 million[150] Banjaal, Bayot, Fogni, Gusilay, Karon, Kasa, Kuwaataay, Mlomp Traditional African religions
Jukun Niger–Congo → Jukun Takum[note 41] Wukari (Nigeria) 0.1 million[151] Wannu Traditional African religions
Kadazan-Dusun Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian →  Dusunic[note 2] Sabah (Malaysia) 0.6 million[152] Kadazan, Dusun, Dumpas, Ida'an, Kwijau, Lotud, Mangka'ak, Maragang, Minokok, Orang Sungai, Rumanau, Rungus, Tambanuo Christianity
Kalanga Niger–Congo → Bantu → Shona → Kalanga Zimbabwe, Botswana 0.7 million[153] Nambya Christianity
Kalenjin Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Kalenjin[note 2] Rift Valley Province (Kenya) 5 million[154] Keiyo, Tugen, Marakwet, Nandi, Kipsigis, Sabaot, Pökoot, Okiek, Terik Christianity
Kalinago Macro-Arawakan languages → Arawakan → Kalinago Lesser Antilles 0.004 million Black Caribs Christianity → Catholicism
Kamba Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kamba Ukambani (Kenya) 3.9 million[154] Afro-Paraguayans Christianity
Kanaks Austronesian → Kanak[note 2] Kanakia (France) 0.1 million[155] Haveke, Ajië, Arhâ, Xârâgurè, Haeke Christianity → Catholicism
Kannadigas Dravidian → Kannada Karnataka (India) 43.7 million[29] Vokkaliga Hinduism
Kanuri Nilo-Saharan → Saharan → Kanuri Kanuriland (Nigeria, Niger, Chad, Cameroon) 8.6 million[156] Kanembu, Yerwa Kanuri Islam
Kapampangans Austronesian → Philippine → Kapampangan Pampanga (Philippines) 2 million[157]  Christianity → Catholicism
Kapsiki Afroasiatic → Chadic → Kapsiki Mandara Mountains (Nigeria, Cameroon) 0.1 million[citation needed]  Islam
Karachays Turkic → Kipchak → Karachay Karachay-Cherkessia (Russia) 0.2 million[28]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Karakalpaks Turkic → Kipchak → Karakalpak Karakalpakstan (Uzbekistan) 0.7 million[158]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Karbi Sino-Tibetan → Kuki-Chin–Naga →  Karbi Karbi Anglong district (India) 0.5 million[29] Amri Hinduism
Karen Sino-Tibetan → Karenic[note 2] Karen State (Myanmar), Thailand 9 million[159] S'gaw Karen, Pwo Karen, Karenni (including Kayan) Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Kashmiris Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Dardic → Kashmiri Kashmir (India, Pakistan) 6.8 million[29] Kashmiri Pandits, Kashmiris of Punjab Islam → Sunni Islam
Kashubians Indo-European → Slavic → Kashubian Kashubia (Poland) 0.5[160]–0.6 million[161]  Christianity → Catholicism
Kazakhs Turkic → Kipchak → Kazakh Kazakhstan 18 million[162] Significant populations in China, and Russia Islam → Sunni Islam
Khas Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Nepali Nepal, Uttarakhand (India) 20 million[163] Chhetri, Bahun, Kami, Damai, Sarki, Gandarbha, Thakuri, Badi Hinduism
Khmer Austroasiatic → Khmer Cambodia 17 million [144] Significant populations in the United States and Vietnam Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Khonds Dravidian → Kui Kandhamal (India) 1.6 million[55]  Hinduism
Khorasani Turks Turkic → Oghuz → Khorasani Turkic Khorasan (Iran) 1 million[164]  Islam → Shia Islam
Kikuyu Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kikuyu Kenya 6.6 million[154]  Christianity
Kilba Afroasiatic → Chadic → Huba Hong (Nigeria) 0.3 million[165]  Christianity
Kirati Sino-Tibetan → Kiranti[note 2] Eastern Development Region (Nepal) 0.9 million"Nepalese". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Nepalese population only. Figure taken using the religious percentage of Kirat Mundhum followers (listed as "Kiranti") with the total populations. Limbu, Sunuwar, Yakkha (including Athpare), Rai (including Kulung, Bantawa, and Bahing) Kirat Mundhum
Kissi Niger–Congo → Atlantic → Mel → Kissi Guinea, Sierra Leone 0.1 million[166]  Christianity
Kofyar Afroasiatic → Chadic → Kofyar Plateau State (Nigeria) 0.2 million[citation needed]  Traditional African religions
Komi Uralic → Permic → Komi Russia (Komi Republic, Permyakia) 0.6 million [103] Komi-Zyrians, Komi-Permyaks, Izhma Komi Christianity → Eastern Orthodox
Konkani Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Konkani Goa (India) 2.3 million[29] Luso-Indians Hinduism
Kongo Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kongo Kongoland (Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Angola) 10.2 million[167] Lari, Vili, Mayombe, Suundi, along with numerous slave descendants such as, African Americans, Afro-Bahamians, Afro-Barbadians, Afro-Brazilians, Afro-Dominicans, Afro-Haitians, Afro-Saint Lucians, Afro-Trinbagonians, Americo-Liberians, Belizean Creoles Christianity
Konjo Niger–Congo → Bantu → Konjo Rwenzori Mountains (Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda) 1.5 million[citation needed] Nande Christianity
Konso Afroasiatic → Cushitic → Konso Konso (Ethiopia) 0.4 million[15]  Traditional African religions
Koreans Korean Korea (North Korea, South Korea) 77.2 million[168] Jeju Islanders, along with significant populations in the United States, China, Russia, Japan, Canada, Australia, Vietnam, and the Philippines Shamanism[note 25]
Kpelle Niger–Congo → Mande → Kpelle Liberia, Guinea 1.2 million[169]  Traditional African religions
Kposo Niger–Congo → Kwa → Ghana–Togo Mountain → Kposo Plateaux (Togo), Ghana 0.2 million[170]  Christianity → Catholicism
Kru Niger–Congo → Kru[note 2] Liberia (Grand Kru and Maryland Counties) 3.3 million[171] Aizi, Bété, Bakwé, Grebo, Krahn (including Sapo), Kuwaa Christianity
Kumyks Turkic → Kipchak → Kumyk Dagestan (Russia) 0.5 million[28]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Kunama Nilo-Saharan → Kunama Eritrea, Ethiopia 0.3 million[citation needed]  Christianity → Oriental Orthodoxy
Kurds Indo-European → Iranian → Kurdish[note 2] Kurdistan (Turkey, Iran, Iraq, Syria) 45.6 million[172] Bajalan, Kurmanjis, Sorans, Zazas, Feylis, Iranian Laks, Yazidis, Shabak, along with significant populations in France and Germany Islam → Sunni Islam
Kurukh Dravidian → Kurukh Chota Nagpur Plateau (India) 3.7 million[55] Kisan Hinduism
Kuteb Niger–Congo → Jukunoid → Kuteb Taraba State (Nigeria) 0.6 million[173]  Christianity
Kyrgyz Turkic → Kipchak → Kyrgyz Kyrgyzstan 4.1 million[174]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Laks Northeast Caucasian → Lak Lakia (Russia) 0.2 million[28]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Lamaholot Austronesian → Flores–Lembata →  Lamaholot Solor (Indonesia) 0.2 million[citation needed]  Christianity → Catholicism
Lampungs Austronesian → Lampung Lampung (Indonesia) 1.4 million[2]  Islam
Lao Kra–Dai → Tai → Lao Laos 4 million [144]  Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Latvians Indo-European → Baltic → Latvian Latvia 1.8 million[175] Latgalians, Kursenieki, Selonians Christianity → Protestantism
Laz Kartvelian → Laz[note 42] Lazistan (Turkey, Georgia) 1.6 million[176] Turkish Laz, Georgian Laz Islam → Sunni Islam
Lega Niger–Congo → Bantu → Lega Democratic Republic of the Congo 0.3 million[177]  Traditional African religions
Lezgins Northeast Caucasian → Lezgic → Lezgian Lezgistan (Russia, Azerbaijan) 0.8 million[178]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Li Kra–Dai → Hlai[note 2] Hainan (China) 1.2 million[179]  Animism
Limba Niger–Congo → Limba Sierra Leone (Bombali and Koinadugu Districts) 0.4 million[180]  Christianity
Lisu Sino-Tibetan → Loloish → Lisu China, Myanmar 0.6 million[181] Lipo Christianity → Protestantism
Lithuanians Indo-European → Baltic → Lithuanian Lithuania 3.7[182]–4.1 million[183] Samogitians, Aukstaitians, Lietuvninkai Christianity → Catholicism
Luba Niger–Congo → Bantu → Luban[note 2] Lubaland (Democratic Republic of the Congo) 7 million[54] Luba-Kasai, Luba-Katanga, Hemba (including Bangubangu), Songe, Lulua Christianity
Luhya Niger–Congo → Bantu → Luhya Western Province (Kenya) 5.3 million[154] Bukusu, Idakho, Isukha, Kabras, Khayo, Kisa, Marachi, Maragoli, Marama, Nyole, Samia, Tachoni, Tiriki, Tsotso, Wanga, Christianity
Luo Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Luo → Dholuo Kenya 4 million[154]  Christianity
Lurs Indo-European → Iranian → Luri Iran (Lorestan, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad, Khuzestan, Bushehr, and Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Provinces) 5 million[184] Bakhtiari, Iranian Laks Islam → Shia Islam
Luxembourgers Indo-European → Germanic → German → Luxembourgish Luxembourg, Arelerland (Belgium) 0.4 million[185] Significant populations in Brazil and the United States Christianity → Catholicism
Maasai Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Maasai Maasailand (Tanzania, Kenya) 1.5 million[186] Samburu, Arusha, Kwavi Traditional African religions
Macedonians Indo-European → Slavic → Macedonian North Macedonia 2 million[187] Torbesh, Mijaks, along with significant populations in Australia and Greece Christianity → Eastern Orthodox
Madi Nilo-Saharan → Central Sudanic → Ma'di Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Sudan, Uganda 0.4 million[citation needed]  Christianity
Madurese Austronesian → Madurese Madura (Indonesia)[note 43] 7.2 million[2] Boyanese Islam → Sunni Islam
Mafa Afroasiatic → Chadic → Mafa Cameroon 0.2 million[188]  Christianity
Magahi Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Bihari → Magahi Magadha (India) 12.7 million[29]  Hinduism
Magars Sino-Tibetan → Magar[note 44] Nepal 1.6 million[189]  Hinduism
Maguindanao Austronesian → Philippine → Maguindanao Maguindanao (Philippines) 1.4 million[190]  Islam
Maithils Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Bihari → Maithili Mithila (India, Nepal) 40 million[191] Karan Kayastha Hinduism
Makassarese Austronesian → South Sulawesi → Makassarese South Sulawesi (Indonesia) 2.7 million[2]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Makonde Niger–Congo → Bantu → Makonde Tanzania, Mueda Plateau (Mozambique) 1.4 million[192] Machinga Islam
Makua Niger–Congo → Bantu → Makhuwa Mozambique 3.5 million[193] Lomwe, Chuwabu, Moniga, Koti, Nathembo Traditional African religions
Malagasy Austronesian → Malagasy Madagascar, Comoros, Mayotte, Réunion, Mauritius 25 million Merina, Sihanaka, Betsileo, Zafimaniry, Antaifasy, Antemoro, Antaisaka, Antambahoaka, Tandroy, Antankarana, Antanosy, Bara, Betsimisaraka, Bezanozano, Mahafaly, Makoa, Mikea, Sakalava, Tanala, Tsimihety, Vezo Christianity
Malays Austronesian → Malayic → Malay Malay world (Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia) 60.7 million[194] Bruneians, Kedahans, Pattani, Pahang, Musi, Palembangese, Pontianaks, Terengganuarians, Kelantanese, Perakians, Berau, Proto-Malay (including Orang Kuala, Jakun, Orang Rimba, Orang Seletar, and Temuan), Lubu, Palembangnese, Cape Malays, Cocos Malays, Bangka Malays Islam → Sunni Islam
Malayali Dravidian → Malayalam Kerala (India) 34.8 million[29] Ambalavasi, Dheevara, Nair, Paravar, Saint Thomas Christians (including Knanayas), Mappilas, Ezhava, along with significant populations in the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Oman, Qatar, Kuwait and Bahrain Hinduism
Maldivians Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Maldivian Maldives 0.3 million[195] Mahls Islam → Sunni Islam
Maltese Afroasiatic → Semitic → Arabic → Maltese Malta 0.5 million[196] Gozitans Christianity → Catholicism
Mambila Niger–Congo → Mambila Mambilla Plateau (Nigeria, Cameroon) 0.1 million[197] Somyev Traditional African religions
Manchu Tungusic → Manchu[note 45] Manchuria (China) 10.4 million[198]  Shamanism
Mandarese Austronesian → South Sulawesi → Mandar West Sulawesi (Indonesia) 0.5 million[199]  Islam
Mandinka Niger–Congo → Mande → Manding[note 2] Mali, The Gambia, Guinea, Senegal 13 [117]–20 million[200] Bolon, along with numerous slave descendants such as Montserratians, Cape Verdeans, and Martinicans, African Americans, Afro-Bahamians, Afro-Barbadians, Afro-Brazilians, Afro-Dominicans, Afro-Haitians, Afro-Saint Lucians, Afro-Trinbagonians, Americo-Liberians, Belizean Creoles Islam
Manggarai Austronesian → Sumba–Flores →  Manggarai Manggarai (Indonesia) 0.8 million[citation needed]  Christianity
Manjak Niger–Congo → Atlantic → Senegambian → Manjak Guinea-Bissau, Senegal 0.4 million[201]  Traditional African religions
Māori Austronesian → Polynesian → Māori[note 46] New Zealand 0.9 million[citation needed] Cook Islanders Christianity
Mapuche Mapudungun[note 47] Araucanía (Chile, Argentina) 1.4 million[202] Huilliche, along with Mestizos such as Chileans Christianity
Maranao Austronesian → Philippine → Maranao Lanao (Philippines) 0.8 million[203]  Islam
Marathi Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Marathi Maharashtra (India) 83 million[29] Mahar, Maratha, Kunbi, Dhangar, Bhoi Hinduism
Mari Uralic → Mari Mari El (Russia) 0.5 million[28] Meadow Mari, Hill Mari Christianity → Eastern Orthodox
Masa Afroasiatic → Chadic → Masana Cameroon, Chad 0.5 million[204]  Christianity, Islam[204]
Masalit Nilo-Saharan → Masalit Sudan, Chad 0.4 million[205]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Maya Mayan[note 2] Guatemala, Belize, Mexico (Yucatán, Campeche, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, Chiapas) 6 million[206] Maya, Achi, Chuj, Ch'orti', Itza, K'iche', Q'eqchi', Xinca, Tektitek, Huastecan, Mopan, Lacandon, Chontal, Akatek, Jakaltek, Q'anjob'al, Tzeltal, Mocho', Tojolab'al, Mam, Ixil, Tzotzil, Poqomam, Yucatecan Maya, Motozintlecos, Awakatek, Kaqchikel, Sakapultek, Sipakapense, Uspantek, Ch'ol, Tz'utujil, along with Mestizos such as Guatemalans (including Hispanic Belizeans) and Mexicans Christianity → Catholicism
Mazahua Oto-Manguean → Oto-Pamean → Mazahua State of Mexico (Mexico) 0.1 million[207]  Christianity → Catholicism
Mazatec Oto-Manguean → Popolocan → Mazatecan[note 2] Oaxaca (Mexico) 0.2 million[207] Ayautla Christianity → Catholicism
Mbaka Niger–Congo → Ubangian → Mbaka Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo 0.3 million[54]  Christianity → Catholicism
Mehri Afroasiatic → Semitic → Mehri Mahra (Yemen, Oman) 0.2 million[208] Soqotri Islam
Meitei Sino-Tibetan → Kuki-Chin–Naga →  Meitei Manipur (India) 1.8 million[29] Loi Hinduism → Vaishnavism
Melanau Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian →  Melanau Sarawak (Malaysia) 0.1 million[57]  Islam
Mende Niger–Congo → Mande → Mende Sierra Leone (Southern and  Eastern Provinces) 1.9 million[citation needed]  Islam
Miꞌkmaq Algic → Algonquian → Miꞌkmaq[note 24] Mi'kma'ki (Canada) 0.2 million[85]  Christianity → Catholicism
Mien Hmong–Mien → Mienic[note 2] China (Hunan, Guizhou), Vietnam 2.6 million[209] Iu Mien, Kim Mun, Dzao Min, Biao Min, Bunu, Lakkia, Biao Mon Yao folk religion
Mijikenda Niger–Congo → Bantu → Mijikenda Coast Province (Kenya) 2 million[154] Chonyi, Giriama, Digo, Segeju Christianity
Minahasan Austronesian → Philippine → Minahasan[note 2] Minahassa Peninsula (Indonesia) 1.2 million[2] Tonsawang, Tontemboan, Tondano, Tombulu, Tonsea Christianity → Protestantism
Minangkabau Austronesian → Malayic → Malay → Minangkabau Minangkabau Highlands (Indonesia) 6.5 million[2] Aneuk Jamee Islam → Sunni Islam
Mising Sino-Tibetan → Tani → Mising India (Assam, Arunachal Pradesh) 0.6 million[29]  Donyi-Polo
Miskito Misumalpan → Miskito Mosquito Coast (Nicaragua, Honduras) 0.2 million[210]  Christianity → Protestantism
Mixe Mixe–Zoque → Mixe[note 2] Oaxaca (Mexico) 0.1 million[207]  Christianity → Catholicism
Mixtec Oto-Manguean → Mixtecan → Mixtec La Mixteca (Mexico) 0.5 million[207] Trique, Cuicatecs, Amoltepec Christianity → Catholicism
Mon Austroasiatic → Mon Mon State (Myanmar) 1.1 million[211]  Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Mongo Niger–Congo → Bantu → Mongo Democratic Republic of the Congo (Équateur, Tshuapa, Mongala, Nord-Ubangi, Sud-Ubangi) 3.2 million[212] Bolia, Ntomba, Ngando, Iyaelima, Mbole, Mpama, Nkutu, Sengele, Hendo, Dengese, Tetela Christianity
Mongols Mongolic[note 2] Inner Mongolia (China), Mongolia 7 million[213] Buryats, Barga, Oirats, Kalmyks, Daur, Moghols, Hamnigan, Monguor, Yugur, Khatso, Bonan, Sart Kalmyks, Soyot, Sichuan Mongols, Sogwo Arig, Altai Uriankhai, Ordos, Kanja, Sogwo Arig, Mughals, Altaians, Khakhas, Santa Buddhism → Tibetan Buddhism
Mongondow Austronesian → Philippine → Mongondow Mongondowia (Indonesia) 0.2 million[214]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Montenegrins Indo-European → Slavic → Serbo-Croatian → Montenegrin Montenegro 0.6 million[citation needed] Significant populations in Serbia and the United States Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Mordvins Uralic → Mordvinic[note 2] Mordovia (Russia) 0.7 million[28] Erzyas, Mokshas, Qaratays Christianity → Eastern Orthodox
Mossi Niger–Congo → Gur → Mossi Mossiland (Burkina Faso) 6 million[215]  Islam
Mumuye Niger–Congo → Adamawa → Mumuye Taraba State (Nigeria) 0.4 million[216]  Traditional African religions
Munanese Austronesian → Celebic → Munanese[note 2] Muna (Indonesia) 0.3 million[citation needed]  Islam
Mundas Austroasiatic → Munda → Mundari India (Jharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal) 2.2 million[55] Sabar, Mahali Sarnaism
Murut Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian →  Murutic[note 2] Murutia (Malaysia) 0.1 million[217] Okolod, Keningau, Tagal, Paluan, Selungai, Timugon, Serudung, Sembakung, Tidong, Kalabakan, Bulungan, Bookan Christianity → Catholicism
Muscogee Muskogean → Muscogee[note 19] United States (Alabama, Tennessee, Georgia)[note 20] 0.1 million[19] Coushatta, Alibamu, Hitchiti, Natchez, Seminoles (including Black Seminoles), Yuchi, Shawnee, Creoles of color, Miccosukee Native American religion → Creek mythology
Musgum Afroasiatic → Chadic → Musgu Far North Region (Cameroon), Chad (Chari-Baguirmi, Mayo-Kebbi Est) 0.2 million[218]  Islam
Mwera Niger–Congo → Bantu → Mwera Tanzania (Mtwara and Ruvuma Regions) 0.4 million[219]  Islam
Naga Sino-Tibetan → Kuki-Chin–Naga[note 21] India (Nagaland, Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam), Myanmar 1.7 million[55] Angami, Ao, Sangtam, Yimchunger, Lotha, Chakhesang (including Chokri and Khezha), Mao, Pochury, Rengma, Tangkhul, Maring, Zemi, Liangmei, Kabui, Maram, Konyak, Chang, Wancho, Phom, Khiemnungan, Tangsa, Nocte Christianity
Nagpuri Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Bihari → Sadri Chota Nagpur Plateau (India) 4.3 million[29] Chik Baraik Hinduism
Nahuas Uto-Aztecan → Nahuatl Mexico 1.5 million[207] Huasteca Nahuas, Mexicaneros, Sierra Puebla Nahuas, Guerrero Nahuas, Orizaba Nahuas, Southeastern Puebla Nahuas, Central Nahuas, Pipil, along with Mestizos such as Mexicans Christianity → Catholicism
Nama Khoe → Khoekhoe Namaland (Namibia), South Africa 0.1 million[91]  Christianity
Navajo Dené–Yeniseian →  Na-Dene → Apachean → Navajo Navajo Nation (United States) 0.3 million[19]  Christianity → Catholicism
Newar Sino-Tibetan → Newar Kathmandu Valley (Nepal) 1.3 million[220] Chitrakar Hinduism
Ngaju Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian →  Barito → Ngaju Central Kalimantan (Indonesia) 1 million[221] Bakumpai, Meratus Kaharingan
Ngalop Sino-Tibetan → Tibetic → Dzongkha Bhutan 0.4 million[222] Kheng, Bumthang Buddhism → Tibetan Buddhism
Ngbandi Niger–Congo → Ubangian → Ngbandi Democratic Republic of the Congo, Central African Republic 0.1 million[223] Yakoma Christianity
Nias Austronesian → Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands → Nias Nias (Indonesia) 1 million[2]  Christianity
Nogais Turkic → Kipchak → Nogai Russia (Stavropol Krai, Dagestan) 0.1 million[28] Ak Nogai, Karagash Islam → Sunni Islam
Norwegians Indo-European → Germanic → Nordic → Norwegian Norway 5.3 million[224] Significant populations in the United States, and Norwegian Canadians Christianity → Protestantism
Nubians Nilo-Saharan → Nubian[note 2] Nubia (Egypt, Sudan) 3-4 million[225] Nobiin, Mattokki, Dongolawi, Midob, Hill Nubians (including Dilling, Debri, Ghulfan, Kadaru, Karko, and Wali), Birgid, Ja'alin (including Bedaria), Shaigiya Islam
Nuer Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Nuer Nuerland (South Sudan) 2.9 million[citation needed]  Traditional African religions
Nùng Kra–Dai → Tai → Zhuang → Nung Vietnam, Guangxi (China) 1 million[32]  Animism
Nuristanis Indo-European → Nuristani[note 2] Nuristan (Afghanistan) 0.3 million[226] Safed-Posh Kaffirs (including Askunis), Kamkata-viris (including  Kata and Kom) Islam → Sunni Islam
Nyishi Sino-Tibetan → Tani → Nishi Arunachal Pradesh (India) 0.3 million[29]  Christianity
Occitans Indo-European → Romance → Occitan[note 18] Occitania (France, Italy, Spain) 6 million[227] Aranese, Auvergnats, Provençals, Languedociens, Gascons Christianity
Odia Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Odia Odisha (India) 37 million[29] Utkala Brahmins, Khandayat, Bonaz Hinduism
Ogoni Niger–Congo → Cross River → Ogoni[note 2] Ogoniland (Nigeria) 0.7 million[228] Baan, Eleme, Gokana, Tẹẹ Christianity
Ojibwe Algic → Algonquian → Ojibwe[note 48] Anishinaabeland (Canada, United States) 0.3 million [143] Oji-Cree, Odawa, Potawatomi, Mississaugas Midewiwin
Oromo Afroasiatic → Cushitic → Oromo Oromia (Ethiopia), Kenya 25.5 million[15] Boran, Barentoo, Salale, Macha, Arsi, Wollo Islam → Sunni Islam
Ossetians Indo-European → Iranian → Ossetian South Ossetia, North Ossetia-Alania (Russia) 0.7 million[229] Iron, Digor Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Ot Danum Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian →  Barito → Ot Danum Indonesia (West and Central Kalimantan) 0.4 million[citation needed] Lawangan, Ma'anyan Kaharingan
Otomi Oto-Manguean → Otomian → Otomi Mexico (Hidalgo, Puebla, Veracruz, State of Mexico, Querétaro) 0.3 million[207]  Christianity → Catholicism
Ovambo Niger–Congo → Bantu → Ovambo Ovamboland (Namibia), Angola 1.6 million[citation needed]  Christianity → Protestantism
Ovimbundu Niger–Congo → Bantu → Umbundu Angola 4 million[230]  Christianity
Pa'O Sino-Tibetan → Karenic → Pa'O Shan State (Myanmar) 0.8 million[citation needed]  Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Pamiris Indo-European → Iranian → Pamir[note 2] Pamir Mountains (Tajikistan, Afghanistan, China) 0.3 million[citation needed] Shughni, Sarikoli (including Tajiks of Xinjiang), Yazghulami, Munji, Yidgha, Sanglechi, Ishkashimi, Wakhi Islam → Shia Islam
Pangasinese Austronesian → Philippine → Pangasinan Pangasinan (Philippines) 1.5 million[231]  Christianity → Catholicism
Papel Niger–Congo → Atlantic → Senegambian → Papel Biombo Region (Guinea-Bissau) 0.2 million[232]  Christianity → Catholicism
Pare Niger–Congo → Bantu → Pare Pare Mountains (Tanzania) 0.9 million[citation needed]  Islam
Pashayi Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Dardic → Pashayi[note 2] Afghanistan (Laghman, Kapisa and Nangarhar Provinces) 0.4 million[233]  Islam
Pashtuns Indo-European → Iranian → Pashto Pashtunistan (Afghanistan, Pakistan) 49.6 million[234] Pashtun Americans, Kakar Islam → Sunni Islam
Pedi Niger–Congo → Bantu → Sotho–Tswana →  Sepedi Limpopo (South Africa) 3.7 million[235]  Christianity
Pende Niger–Congo → Bantu → Pende Democratic Republic of the Congo 0.3 million[236]  Christianity
Persians Indo-European → Iranian → Persian Iran 52.5 million[237] Tat, along with significant populations in the United States, the United Arab Emirates, Canada, Germany, the United Kingdom, Bahrain, Australia, and Sweden Islam → Shia Islam
Poles Indo-European → Slavic → Polish Poland 58–60 million[238] Significant populations in the United States, Brazil, Germany, Canada, Iceland, Sweden, France, the United Kingdom, Argentina, Belarus, Russia, Australia, Lithuania, Ukraine, Ireland, and Norway Christianity → Catholicism
Portuguese Indo-European → Romance → Portuguese Portugal 222.7 million[239] Azoreans, Madeirans, along with numerous colonial descendants such as Brazilians (including Ribeirinhos and Pardo Brazilians), Cape Verdeans, Portuguese Angolans, Portuguese Mozambicans, Luso-Indians, Macanese, Kristangs, and Portuguese Burghers Christianity → Catholicism
Punjabis Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Punjabi Punjab (Pakistan, India) 125 million[240] Sikhs, Jat, Khatris, Arain, Awan, along with significant populations in the United Kingdom, Canada, and the United States. Islam → Sunni Islam
Sikhism
 
Purépecha Purépecha Michoacán (Mexico) 0.1 million[207]  Christianity → Catholicism
Qashqai Turkic → Oghuz → Qashqai Fars Province (Iran) 1 million[241]  Islam → Shia Islam
Qiang Sino-Tibetan → Qiangic[note 2] Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture (China) 0.3 million[242]  Qiang folk religion
Quechua Quechuan[note 2] Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador 7.7 million[243] Yaru, Cusco, Ayacucho, along with Mestizos such as Peruvians, Ecuadorians, and Bolivians Christianity → Catholicism
Rade Austronesian → Chamic → Rade Central Highlands (Vietnam) 0.3 million[32]  Christianity
Rajasthanis Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Hindustani → Rajasthani Rajasthan (India) 25.8 million[29] Banjara, Gurjars, Rajputs (including Mahyavanshi, Chandels, and Molesalam), Marwari, Charan, Kachhi, Meena Hinduism
Rajbongshi Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Kamtapuri India (Assam, West Bengal), Bangladesh 15 million[244]  Hinduism
Rakhine Sino-Tibetan → Burmese → Arakanese Rakhine State (Myanmar) 3 million[245] Marma Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Rejangese Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian →  Land Dayak → Rejang Rejang Lebong Regency (Indonesia) 2 million[246]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Rohingyas Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Rohingya Rakhine State (Myanmar) 2.4 million[247]  Islam
Roma Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Romani Europe (Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, North Macedonia, Serbia, Slovakia, Czech Republic)[note 28] 12 million[248] Roma (including Austrian Roma), Iberian Kale, Finnish Kale, Welsh Kale, Romanichal, Sinti, Manush, Romanisæl, Ashkali and Balkan Egyptians, Boyash, Lom, Dom (including Halebi, Lori, and Madari), along with significant populations in the United States, and Brazil. Christianity
Romanians Indo-European → Romance → Romanian Romania, Moldova 23.4 million[249] Moldovans, along with significant populations in Italy, Germany, Spain, Ukraine, the United Kingdom, and France. Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Russians Indo-European → Slavic → Russian Russia 129 million[250] Cossacks, Pomors, Lipovans, along with significant populations in Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Germany, the United States, Uzbekistan, Israel, Brazil, Belarus, Canada, Latvia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Estonia, Turkmenistan, France, Lithuania and Azerbaijan. Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Ryukyuans Japonic → Ryukyuan[note 49] Ryukyu Islands (Japan) 1.5 million[251] Amami (including Kikai, Amami Ōshima, Tokunoshima, Okinoerabu, and Yoron), Okinawan (including Kunigami) Miyako, Yaeyama, Yonaguni Ryukyuan religion
Rusyns Indo-European → Slavic → Rusyn Carpathian Ruthenia (Ukraine, Slovakia, Poland)[note 50] 1.2 million[252] Pannonian Rusyns, Lemkos, Hutsuls, Boykos Christianity
Saho Afroasiatic → Cushitic → Saho Eritrea 0.3 million[253]  Islam
Salar Turkic → Oghuz → Salar China (Qinghai, Gansu) 0.1 million[254]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Sama-Bajau Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian →  Barito → Sama–Bajaw[note 2] Maritime Southeast Asia (Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, Brunei)[note 28] 0.5–1 million[255] Sama (including Banguingui), Bajaw, Abaknon Islam → Sunni Islam
Sambal Austronesian → Philippine → Sambalic[note 2] Zambales (Philippines) 0.1 million[256] Bolinao, Botolan (including Banguingui) Islam → Sunni Islam
Sámi Uralic → Sami[note 2] Sápmi (Norway, Sweden, Finland, Russia) 0.1 million[257] Inari Sami, Kildin Sami, Lule Sami, Northern Sami, Pite Sami, Skolt Sami, Southern Sami, Ter Sami, Ume Sami Christianity → Protestantism
Samoans Austronesian → Polynesian → Samoan Samoan Islands (Samoa, American Samoa) 0.6 million[citation needed] American Samoans Christianity
Sangirese Austronesian → Philippine → Sangirese Sangihe Islands (Indonesia) 0.4 million[258]  Christianity → Protestantism
Santal Austroasiatic → Munda → Santali India (West Bengal, Jharkhand, Odisha)[note 3] 6.6 million[55]  Christianity → Catholicism
Sara Nilo-Saharan → Central Sudanic → Sara[note 2] Chad, Central African Republic 5.4 million[259] Ngambay, Doba, Laka, Kabba, Sar, Mbay, Ngam, Dagba, Gulay Traditional African religions
Sardinians Indo-European → Romance → Sardinian Sardinia (Italy) 1.2 million[260]  Christianity → Catholicism
Sasak Austronesian → Sasak Lombok (Indonesia) 3.2 million[2]  Islam
Savu Austronesian → Sumba–Flores →  Sumba → Hawu Savu (Indonesia) 0.1 million[261]  Christianity → Protestantism
Scots Indo-European → Germanic → Scots, Indo-European → Celtic → Scottish Gaelic[note 23] Scotland (United Kingdom) 40 million [142] Ulster Scots, Orcadians, Shetlanders, Highlanders, Lowlanders, along with significant populations in the United States (including Scotch-Irish Americans), Canada, Australia, Argentina, and the Bahamas Christianity → Protestantism
Senufo Niger–Congo → Senufo[note 2] Mali, Ivory Coast, Burkina Faso 3 million [262] Nafana, Minyanka Traditional African religions
Serbs Indo-European → Slavic → Serbo-Croatian → Serbian Serbia, Republika Srpska (Bosnia and Herzegovina) 11.5–12.5 million[263][264] Kosovo Serbs, Triestine Serbs, along with significant populations in Croatia, Germany, Austria, France, and Sweden Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Serer Niger–Congo → Atlantic → Senegambian → Serer Senegal 1 million[265] Laalaa, Ndut, Niominka, Serer-Noon, Palor, Saafi Islam
Shan Kra–Dai → Tai → Shan Shan State (Myanmar) 5 million[211]  Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Sharchops Sino-Tibetan → Tshangla Bhutan (Lhuntse, Mongar, Pemagatshel, Samdrup Jongkhar, Trashigang, and Trashiyangtse Districts) 0.1 million[citation needed]  Buddhism → Tibetan Buddhism
Sherbro Niger–Congo → Atlantic → Mel → Sherbro Sherbro Island (Sierra Leone) 0.2 million[citation needed]  Traditional African religions
Shilluk Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Luo → Shilluk South Sudan 1.5 million[citation needed] Gule Christianity → Catholicism
Shona Niger–Congo→ Bantu → Shona Mashonaland (Zimbabwe) 7.2 million[266] Manyika, Ndau Christianity
Sibe Tungusic → Xibe[note 45] China (Liaoning, Jilin, Xinjiang)[note 3] 0.2 million[267]  Shamanism[note 25]
Sidama Afroasiatic → Cushitic → Sidaama Sidamia (Ethiopia) 7.8 million[15]  Christianity
 Sicilians  Indo-European  → Romance  → Italian  Sicily (Italy)      
Siddi Niger–Congo → Bantu → Swahili[note 51] → Sidi Pakistan (Baluchistan, Sindh), India (Karnataka, Gujarat, Hyderabad) 0.4 million[citation needed]  Islam
Sika Austronesian → Flores–Lembata →  Sika Sikka Regency (Indonesia) 0.2 million[268]  Christianity → Catholicism
Silesians Indo-European → Slavic → Silesian Silesia (Poland), Czech Silesia (Czech Republic) 2 million[citation needed] Cieszyn Vlachs, Silesian Gorals Christianity → Catholicism
Silt'e Afroasiatic → Semitic → Ethiopic → Gurage → Silt'e Siltia (Ethiopia) 1 million[15]  Islam
Sindhis Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Sindhi Sindh (Pakistan) 26 million[269] Jat, Memon, Arain, Indian Sindhis Islam → Sunni Islam
Sinhalese Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Sinhala Sri Lanka 13.8 million[270] Dewa, British Sri Lankans, Burghers (including Portuguese Burghers and Dutch Burghers) Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Sioux Siouan → Sioux[note 52] Lakotah (United States) 0.2 million[19] Lakota, Dakota, Nakota (including Nakoda and Assiniboine) Native American religion
Slovaks Indo-European → Slavic → Slovak Slovakia 6 million[271] significant populations in Czech Republic, Serbia, Hungary, United States and Canada Christianity → Catholicism
Slovenes Indo-European → Slavic → Slovene Slovenia 2.5 million[citation needed] Carinthian Slovenes, Italy Slovenes Christianity → Catholicism
Soga Niger–Congo → Bantu → Soga Busoga (Uganda) 2.1 million[citation needed]  Christianity, Traditional African religions
Somalis Afroasiatic → Cushitic → Somali Greater Somalia (Somalia, Ethiopia, Djibouti, Kenya) 16.1 million[272] Hawiye, Darod (including Majeerteen), Isaaq, Dir, Rahanweyn, Madhiban, Yibir, Ajuran along with significant populations in the United States, the United Kingdom, Sweden, and Canada Islam → Sunni Islam
Songhai Nilo-Saharan → Songhai Mali, Niger 4.5 million[273] Zarma Islam
Soninke Niger–Congo → Mande → Soninke Mali 2.1 million[274] Haratin Islam → Sunni Islam
Sotho Niger–Congo → Bantu → Sotho–Tswana →  Sotho Free State (South Africa), Lesotho 6 million[275]  Christianity
Spaniards Indo-European → Romance → Spanish Spain[note 53] 47 million[276] in Spain. Castilians, Andalusians, Asturians (including Vaqueiros de alzada), Leonese, Cantabrians, Aragonese, Extremadurans, Mirandese, Canary Islanders (including Isleños), Criollos, along with numerous colonial descendants such as Hispanos (including Californios, Tejanos, and Neomexicanos), Mexicans, Guatemalans (including Hispanic Belizeans), Salvadorans, Hondurans, Nicaraguans, Costa Ricans, Panamanians, Colombians, Venezuelans, Ecuadorians, Peruvians, Bolivians, Paraguayans, Chileans, Argentines, Uruguayans, Cubans, Dominicans, Zamboangueños, Puerto Ricans, Fernandinos, and Spanish Filipinos Christianity → Catholicism
Sui Kra–Dai → Kam–Sui → Sui Sandu Shui Autonomous County (China) 0.4 million[277]  Animism
Sumba Austronesian → Sumba–Flores →  Sumba[note 2] Sumba (Indonesia) 0.4 million[278] Anakalangu, East Sumbanese, Kodi, Lamboya, West Sumbanese, Mamboru, Wanukaka Christianity → Protestantism
Sundanese Austronesian → Sundanese Java (Indonesia) 36.7 million[2] Bantenese, Baduy, Cirebonese Islam → Sunni Islam
Sukuma Niger–Congo → Bantu → Sukuma Tanzania 9.6 million[citation needed]  Christianity → Catholicism
Sumbawa Austronesian → Sumbawa Sumbawa (Indonesia) 0.4 million[citation needed]  Islam
Surma Nilo-Saharan → Surmic[note 2] Ethiopia, South Sudan 0.2 million[15] Me'en, Mursi, Kichepo Traditional African religions
Susu Niger–Congo → Mande → Susu Guinea, Kambia (Sierra Leone) 2.4 million[279]  Islam
Swahili Niger–Congo → Bantu → Swahili Swahili coast (Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, Comoros) 0.5 million[280] Shirazi (including Zanzibaris, Comorians and Maore) Islam
Swazi Niger–Congo → Bantu → Nguni → Swazi Mpumalanga (South Africa), Eswatini 1.8 million[281]  Christianity → African Zionism
Swedes Indo-European → Germanic → Nordic → Swedish Sweden 7.7 million[282] Scanians, Jamtish, Gutnish, along with significant populations in Finland (including  Åland Swedes), the United States, Canada, Argentina and the United Kingdom Christianity → Protestantism
Tabasaran Northeast Caucasian → Lezgic → Tabasaranese Tabasaranstan (Russia) 0.1 million[28]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Tagalogs Austronesian → Philippine → Tagalog Philippines 19.6 million[283] Filipino Americans Christianity → Catholicism
Tahitians Austronesian → Polynesian → Tahitian[note 18] Tahiti (France) 0.2 million[citation needed]  Christianity
Tajiks Indo-European → Iranian → Persian → Tajik Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan 11.2 million[284] Chagatai Islam → Sunni Islam
Talysh Indo-European → Iranian → Talysh Azerbaijan, Iran 0.2 million[285]  Islam → Shia Islam
Tama Nilo-Saharan → Tama Chad, Sudan 0.3 million[citation needed]  Islam
Tamils Dravidian → Tamil Tamil Nadu (India), Sri Lanka (Northern and Eastern Provinces) 64 million[286] Indian Tamils (including Vanniyar and Adi Dravida), Sri Lankan Tamils (including Sri Lankan Moors), Paravar, along with significant populations in Malaysia, South Africa, the United States, Singapore, Canada, the United Kingdom, and France (including Malbars). Hinduism
Tarok Niger–Congo → Plateau → Tarok Plateau State (Nigeria) 0.3 million[287]  Christianity
Tatars Turkic → Kipchak → Tatar Tatarstan (Russia) 5 million[288] Volga Tatars, Crimean Tatars, Lipka Tatars, Siberian Tatars, Mishar Tatars, Finnish Tatars, Dobruja Tatars, Chinese Tatars, Nagaybak, Kryashens Islam → Sunni Islam
Tausūg Austronesian → Philippine → Visayan → Tausug Sulu Archipelago (Philippines) 1.1 million[289]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Tboli Austronesian → Philippine → Tboli South Cotabato (Philippines) 0.1–0.2 million[290]  Anitism
Telugu Dravidian → Telugu India (Andhra Pradesh, Telangana) 81.1 million[29] Kamma, Reddy, Velama, Kapu, Raju, Madiga, Mala Hinduism
Temne Niger–Congo → Atlantic → Mel → Temne Northern Sierra Leone (Sierra Leone) 1.6 million[291]  Islam
Thais Kra–Dai → Tai → Thai Thailand 31.1 million[292] Southern Thai, Khorat, Lanna, Tai Lü, Thai Americans Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Tibetans Sino-Tibetan → Tibetic[note 2] Tibet (China) 5.4[293]–6.2 million[294] Amdolese (including Golok and Tebbu), Khams, Ü-Tsang (including Ngari and Walung), Changpa, Baima Buddhism → Tibetan Buddhism
Tigrayans Afroasiatic → Semitic → Ethiopic → Tigrinya Eritrean Highlands (Eritrea), Tigrayia (Ethiopia) 7.6 million[295]  Christianity → Oriental Orthodoxy
Tigre Afroasiatic → Semitic → Ethiopic → Tigre Eritrea 1.8 million[296]  Islam
Tiv Niger–Congo → Tiv Benue State (Nigeria) 2.5 million[297]  Christianity
Tiwa Sino-Tibetan → Sal → Tiwa[note 4] India (Assam, Meghalaya) 0.2 million[55]  Hinduism
Tlapanec Oto-Manguean → Tlapanec Guerrero (Mexico) 0.1 million[207]  Christianity → Catholicism
Tokelauan people Austronesian languages → Malayo-Polynesian languages → Oceanic languages → Polynesian languages → Tokelauan language Tokelau signifigant populations in Samoa and New Zealand 0.046 million Christianity → Congregationalism
Toraja Austronesian → South Sulawesi → Toraja Tana Toraja (Indonesia) 1.1 million[298]  Christianity → Protestantism
Toubou Nilo-Saharan → Saharan → Tebu[note 2] Toubouland (Chad, Niger, Sudan, Libya) 2.3 million [117] Daza, Teda Islam → Sunni Islam
Toucouleur Niger–Congo → Atlantic → Senegambian → Fula → Pulaar Futa Tooro (Senegal) 1 million[54]  Islam
Tripuri Sino-Tibetan → Sal → Kokborok Tripura (India) 1 million[29] Jamatia, Murasing Hinduism
Tsonga Niger–Congo → Bantu → Tsonga Mozambique (Maputo City and Maputo Province, Gaza Province), South Africa (Limpopo, Mpumalanga) 4.6 million[299]  Christianity → Catholicism
Tswana Niger–Congo → Bantu → Tswana Botswana, South Tswanaland (South Africa) 4 million[300] Balete, Mangwato, Bangwaketse, Rolong Christianity
Tujia Sino-Tibetan → Tujia[note 54] Wuling Mountains (China) 5.7 million[301]  Nuo folk religion
Tupuri Niger–Congo → Adamawa → Tupuri Far North Region (Cameroon), Mayo-Kébbi (Chad) 0.2 million[302]  Christianity
Turkana Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Turkana Turkanaland (Kenya) 1 million[154]  Christianity → Catholicism
Turks Turkic → Oghuz → Turkish Turkey 79 million[303] Turkish Cypriots, Meskhetian Turks, Yörüks, along with significant populations in Bulgaria, Greece, Macedonia, Germany, France, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Austria, Belgium, Sweden, the United States, Syria, and Iraq Islam → Sunni Islam
Turkmens Turkic → Oghuz → Turkmen Turkmenistan 6 million[304]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Tutsi Niger–Congo → Bantu → Great Lakes → Rwanda-Rundi[note 35] Rwanda, Burundi, Kivu (Democratic Republic of the Congo) 3 million[citation needed] Banyamulenge Christianity, Islam
Tuvans Turkic → Siberian → Tuvan Tuva (Russia) 0.3 million[28] Tozhu Tuvans Buddhism → Tibetan Buddhism
Udmurts Uralic → Permic → Udmurt Udmurtia (Russia) 0.6 million[28] Besermyan Christianity → Eastern Orthodox
Urhobos Niger–Congo → Edoid → Urhobo Delta State (Nigeria) 1 million[citation needed]  Christianity
Ukrainians Indo-European → Slavic → Ukrainian Ukraine 58.7 million[305] Poleshuks, Cossacks, along with significant populations in the United States, Brazil, Kazakhstan, Germany, Canada, Italy, Argentina, the Czech Republic, and Romania Christianity → Eastern Orthodox
Uyghurs Turkic → Karluk → Uyghur Uyghuristan (China) 10.3 million[306] Uyghurs in Kazakhstan Islam → Sunni Islam
Uzbeks Turkic → Karluk → Uzbek Uzbekistan 20 million[307] Uzbeks in Russia Islam → Sunni Islam
Venda Niger–Congo → Bantu → Tshivenda Vendaland (South Africa) 1.3 million[308]  Christianity, Traditional African religions
Vietnamese Austroasiatic → Vietic → Vietnamese Vietnam 73.6 million[32] Muong, Gin, Phen, Chut, Thổ, Nung, Giáy, along with significant populations in the United States, Cambodia, France, Australia, Canada, Taiwan, Japan, Korea, Germany and Laos Buddhism → Mahayana
Visayans Austronesian → Philippine → Visayan[note 2] Visayas (Philippines) 35.7 million[309] Aklanon, Butuanon, Cebuano (including Boholano and Eskaya), Caluyanon, Capiznons, Hiligaynon, Karay-a, Masbateños, Negrense, Porohanon, Romblomanon (including Bantoanons), Waray Christianity → Catholicism
Wa Austroasiatic → Palaungic → Wa Wa State (Myanmar) 1.2 million[citation needed]  Buddhism, Animism
Walloons Indo-European → Romance → French → Walloon[note 55] Wallonia (Belgium) 4.9 million[310]  Christianity → Catholicism
Waxiang Sino-Tibetan → Chinese → Waxiang Chinese Hunan (China) 0.3 million[311]  Chinese folk religion
Welayta Afroasiatic → Omotic → Wolayitta Wolayitia (Ethiopia) 1.7 million[15]  Christianity → Protestantism
Welsh Indo-European → Celtic → Welsh[note 23] Wales (United Kingdom) 16.3 million[312] significant populations in Argentina, the United States, Canada, and Australia. Christianity → Protestantism
Wolof Niger–Congo → Atlantic → Senegambian → Wolof Senegambia (Senegal, The Gambia) 5.9 million[313] Lebu, along with numerous slave descendants such as Haratins and Martinicans, African Americans, Afro-Bahamians, Afro-Barbadians, Afro-Brazilians, Afro-Dominicans, Afro-Puerto Ricans, Afro-Haitians, Afro-Saint Lucians, Afro-Trinbagonians, Americo-Liberians, Belizean Creoles Islam → Sunni Islam
Xhosa Niger–Congo → Bantu → Nguni → Xhosa Xhosaland (South Africa) 7.3 million[314]  Christianity
Yakan Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian →  Barito → Sama–Bajaw → Yakan Basilan (Philippines) 0.1 million[315]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Yakö Niger–Congo → Cross River → Yakö Yakurr Local Government (Nigeria) 0.1 million[316]  Christianity
Yakuts Turkic → Siberian → Yakut Yakutia (Russia) 0.5 million[28]  Christianity → Eastern Orthodox
Yao Niger–Congo → Bantu → Yao Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania (Ruvuma and Mtwara Regions) 2.6 million[317]  Islam
Yi Sino-Tibetan → Loloish[note 2] China (Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangxi)[note 3] 7.8 million[318] Phù Lá, Azha Bimoism
Yoruba Niger–Congo → Yoruba Yorubaland (Nigeria, Benin) 20 million[319] Egun, Ijesha, Egba, Yewa, Igbomina, Awori, Akoko, Okun, Ana, Ekiti, Ilaje, Oku Christianity
Zaghawa Nilo-Saharan → Saharan → Zaghawa Chad, Sudan 0.3 million[94]  Islam → Sunni Islam
Zande Niger–Congo → Zande Democratic Republic of the Congo, Central African Republic, South Sudan 3.8 million[320] Barambu Christianity
Zapotecs Oto-Manguean → Zapotec[note 2] Oaxaca (Mexico) 0.5 million[207] Ixtlán Christianity → Catholicism
Zhuang Kra–Dai → Tai → Zhuang[note 2] Zhuangia (China) 16.2 million[321]  Moism
Zulu Niger–Congo → Bantu → Nguni → Zulu KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa) 9 million[322] Northern Ndebele Christianity